Discuss The Role of Curley’s Wife In The Novel Of Mice And Men Essay

In this novel, Curley’s Wife’s main function or purpose is her representation of one type of female in that time of American history. She seems to be the sort of person who is well calculated in her actions. She likes to make herself attractive by using make-up, when she wears shoes with red â€Å"Ostrich Feathers† she doesn’t need to wear them on a dust ranch, but she does. She dreams of being a movie or â€Å"Talkie† star, she tells Lennie this, in a rare show of confidence. She is not a stereotype but I think that her character is quite predictable. In the video adaptation she seems to be friendly because of her appearance and the way in which she says words. When she doesn’t want to be noticed, her physical presence is less noticed. She is described as â€Å"brittle† this could mean that she is fragile. The word fragile is usually associated with small and easily broken things. The word â€Å"brittle† could also be describing her physical state of mind. She could seem strong but really could collapse or break down when even slightly touched, or in her case, if she is rejected or insulted. But when she talks she has a dominant charisma, which demands attention. For example, whenever she walks into a room, the men always stop talking to listen to what she has to say. This could be from fear of punishment if they do not agree with her or offend her. It could also be because of the reputation as â€Å"Jailbait† which she has, or how she has â€Å"the eye†. Because of these two abilities, she can sneak around, trying to overhear anything incriminating which she could use to blackmail someone. An example of this is when she sneaks into the stable when Lennie, Candy and Crooks are there, and she listens to them. Throughout the whole novel she does not have name of her own, which she is called by. She is only referred to as Curley’s Wife. This could suggest that she is the property of Curley. Or it could also back up the fact that she is like a ghost, because a ghost has no real identity. She could act mean, or deviously because she wants to make herself noticed more. She tells Lennie â€Å"I get awful lonely†. This suggests that she wants someone to talk to her, or whom she can talk to. She is only described by people, with sentences like â€Å"She got the eye† and â€Å"a Tart†. After reading the part of the novel when she is in the barn with Lennie, the reader is emoted to sympathise with Curley’s Wife. This could make the reader feel sorry for her, but then there would be a conflict of emotions when you realise that She has wrecked Candy’s dreams as well as passed a death sentence on Lennie. All of this could overshadow the fact that Curley’s Wife has just died. But when you her confession to Lennie, you find that this is her only recourse in her search for attention. She tries to make herself look attractive to get more attention, but she is called a â€Å"Tart†. The fact that she is like a bad luck omen could enforce her image as â€Å"Jail-bait†. She is like a jinx for anyone who she tries to become close to. She says that she could get crooks hung and she caused Curley and slim to fight. She also indirectly caused Lennie’s death. Not intentionally, but she does. This could be a way of making the reader sympathise with her case, because Candy is angry at her for dying, and he doesn’t stop to think that she is dead. Curley’s Wife is the only woman who is mentioned on the ranch, so the men could think of her as pretty or appealing because they do not come into contact with any other women. This could encourage or strengthen her attitude. She thought that she could be a movie star and could still think that. This could be another factor that encourages her self-superiority complex. But she knows that. Because, she has no name she could be owned by Curley, this could explain her actions. It could be her way of expressing her anger. She is angry because, when she signed her marriage certificate, She didn’t lose her individuality, but something worse, her identity.

Benefits of Early Literacy Learning Essay

Education is a fundamental aspect of a person’s social, economic, and emotional developmental. Starting education early is therefore advantageous. Focusing specifically on early literacy; statistics prove that an early literary development can radically improve a child’s chance for a formidable career. Early literacy developmental practices have been taking place for many years now. Many different literacy programs offer statistical and other information to demonstrate the benefits of learning literacy early. In true effect of the experimental learning and teaching; the instructors keep detailed records of the lessons taught and the grade improvements of the students. The other side of the early literacy learning is to have a control group that they are teaching without the focus on early literacy, thus being able to generate a detailed analysis of the children’s improvements and success rate. One high quality literacy program released details about their program and the outcome of the program on their students. As stated by two authors, â€Å"Strengths in the overall program that services provided resided in†¦ literacy links across the curriculum and throughout the day. † (Arthur and Makin) In this same educational facility they had a record of which programs were the strongest and which programs did not demonstrate as well. â€Å"There were seven ECLLS [Early Childhood Language and Literacy Scale] items on which more than 50 per cent of the rooms observed received a high rating (six or seven out of a total seven). These were as follows: furniture for routine care, play and learning room; room arrangement for play; encouraging children to communicate; fine motor activities; staff-child interactions; and program schedule and grouping. † Depicting the importance of structured play times and environmental factors can have on learning. Also stating the â€Å"Four services received a high rating for the new literacy subscale, with most settings scoring 3 out of seven. In the settings with the high ratings staff were extending children’s literacy through the following practices: reading environmental print with children; integrating literacy across the curriculum and throughout the day; engaging in literacy interactions with children; and promoting metalinguistic development† (Arthur and Makin) In this particular educational facility the staff used all resources to their advantage, from the simple hand washing sigh to other hygienic posters. The staff had set aside times for writing, play, and reading to help incorporate forms of literacy into all things done through the day. Through their curriculum and the observations of others this facility was able to statistically prove that an early start with literacy highly benefited these children. When considering the statistics there are some graphs that support, and show that early literacy is essential to doing well over all. â€Å"The impact of Teacher Responsively Education on Preschoolers’ Language and Literacy Skills,† provides direct evidence in standard chart format with a control group and tested group. (American Journal p323) Showing a direct relationship between early literacy and developmental improvement, a second graph from the American Journal, the graph shows the improvements from the fall testing and the spring testing of the impacts of early literacy. The graph shows the statistical improvement between the two testing times, providing direct evidence of the impact on the children tested. There are many facilities that provide the numbers on which the improvement was made; it spans all over the globe. Over all upon testing during the fall semester the control group initially started roughly at 3. 3%; where are the test group tested at a slightly higher 3. 4%. During the spring semester the control group tested lower still at print concept than the test group rising only . 28% from the initial testing scores. Reaching across the seas Australia has also been participating in the analysis of early literacy and its benefits on the overall aspect of children’s lives. In an article titled â€Å"Books, bytes and brains,† authors Hopkins, Brookes, and Green dive deeply into early literacy development and its impact on all areas of the lives of children. As stated in this article, â€Å"Literacy and numeracy are core life skills, the [acquisition of which has] profound consequences for individuals, families, communities and nations. † Literacy is essential these authors believe to a child’s overall future, â€Å"Improving literacy in contemporary society has been amply demonstrated to improve live chances for individuals across divers domains including health, mental health, housing, educational outcomes, employment opportunities, income levels, involvement with crime, and civic participation. † (Hopkins, Brookes, and Green) So many different areas are affected by a person’s literacy from the simple school grades to if they’ll end up in prison. Hopkins, ect al. states that â€Å"Traditional kinds of literacy skills are measured in programs such as NAPLAN are based on an understanding of a skilled reader as someone who ‘locates, understands, and interprets written information in prose and documents – including manuals, graphs, and schedules- to perform tasks; learns from text by determining the main idea or essential message; identifies relevant details, facts, and specifications; infers or locates the meaning of unknown or technical vocabulary; and judges the accuracy, appropriateness, style, and plausibility of reports, proposals, or theories of other writers. † With their definition of what an actual skilled reader is, it can seem almost impossible for a child to gain all those skills in their short school career. Therefore starting literacy early can give a child the advantage of gaining the firm foundation of those skills before they are being presented to them in the classroom. When starting the early foundation of early literacy there are some draw backs to the programs, or glitches that haven’t been worked out yet. â€Å"Analysis of data from the rating scales, staff interviews and parent focus groups indicates that a number of areas required further development. Even for those settings that rated highly for literacy. These include, building on home experiences; extending children’s home languages and literacies; utilizing technology and popular culture; and integrating literacy resources and staff-child interactions in dramatic play. † (Arthur, Makin) Improvement in these areas has been underway since the date of the article, in this program as well as others. Implementing home language and literacies could have a drastic effect on the early learning literacy because many homes now in America are not solely English speaking homes, where most lessons in school or an Early Learning Academy to teach early literacy are taught in English. Tying into home experiences can help a child more associate the lesson being taught because they can incorporate the object, lesson, or event with words or effective language skills. Even with the hiccups the early literacy programs have, there are visible benefits of the lessons they are teaching. Seeing the results of the early literacy programs is phenomenal, but looking at the other side research shows some negative effects of what happens when early literacy is not implemented. â€Å"Recent research shows that children who are ‘raised in a [non-academically] oriented environments have less experience using decontextualized language than their peers. †¦These children may communicate more readily through using images, physical activity, and symbolic representation’. † (Hopkins, Brookes and Green) With that research a child with the early literacy training entering the second grade for example has a better chance of being able to vocalize opinions or even understanding of a lesson than a child who has had no early literacy training. With education being at the heart of every aspect of life it is highly important to give children every chance to succeed. Word Count:1,244.

Writing Skills

SHORT COMPOSITIONS N O T I C E NAME OF THE INSTITUTION DateTitle Content – Event’s name, venue, time and other required details Name (Designation) NOTICE FORMAT INFORMAL LETTER FORMAT Q1. Write a notice inviting volunteers for a one-day Blood Donation Camp to be organized in your school premises by the Indian Red Cross Society. You are Rahil, Head boy of St. Thomas School. N O T I C E ST THOMAS SCHOOL 6 September 2012 BLOOD DONATION CAMP The Indian Red Cross Society is organizing a one-day blood donation camp in our school on 15 September 2012 from 10 am to 4 pm.A team of 4 doctors and 8 nurses from the Indian Red Cross Society will attend the camp. All the senior students above 17 years, parents and guardians as well as the staff members are invited to donate blood. The collected blood will be used for the cancer patients at Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, Delhi. For further details, you may contact the undersigned. Rahil (Head Boy) MESSAGE Q2. Write a message based on the conversation given below. Ramesh: Hello, can I speak to Arjun? Raju: Arjun is not at home. May I know who’s speaking? I’m his brother. Ramesh: I’m Ramesh, his classmate.Could you inform him that tomorrow’s chemistry extra class has been cancelled as Anil sir is ill? Also tell him to bring the practical file for submission on Monday. Raju: I’ll surely tell him. Ramesh: Thank you. Bye. MESSAGE 6 September 2012, 1 pm Arjun Ramesh, your classmate, called up to inform you that tomorrow’s chemistry extra class has been cancelled as Anil sir is ill. He has also asked you to bring the practical file for submission on Monday. Raju DATA INTERPRETATION Note: You may get bar graphs, pie charts, tables, X-Y charts for interpretation. Q3. The following chart depicts ‘Age wise Population Distribution’ of a state.Using the information, interpret the data rationally in about 70-80 words. Age-wise Population Distribution of a State Age Group | Percentage| Up to 15 | 30| Up to 25| 47. 75| Up to 35| 65| Up to 45| 79. 0| Up to 55| 93. 75| Up to 65| 98. 87| Up to 110| 100| | | Ans. The above chart depicts the Age-wise Population Distribution of a State. The age group up to 15 forms the lowest percentage in the state and it is less than one third percentage of total population. Almost half of the population of the state is less than 25 years as this age group holds 47. 75 % of total population.The age group between 25 to 35 years shows the biggest increase in population percentage from 47. 75 to 65 showing 17. 25 % increase. After up to 45, up to 65, the increase in percentage is 19. 37 in total. The age groups between up to 65 and up to 110 shows minimum increase in percentage, portraying that as age increases, the increase in population declines. DESCRIPTION Note: Description can be of any object, person or event. Q4. Your friend John was absent from the school for a week. Meanwhile a new student has joined your class.You have to give a factual description of the new classmate to John on phone. Reproduce the same in about 70-80 words. Ans. A boy from Dehradun named Arpit joined our school 3 days back. He is taller than most of the boys in the class. He is smart and carries himself very well. He is also a basketball player. Our class teacher is quite impressed with him as when he was asked to introduce himself to the class, he did it in a unique and interesting manner by beginning his introduction with his favorite quote. He is an amiable person and in no time he’s made a lot of friends.Through his introduction I learnt that you, I and he have a lot of common hobbies and realized that we would make good friends. BIO-SKETCH Q5. Using the information given below, write the Bio-sketch of the ace Indian athlete P. T. Usha. Name:P. T. Usha Date of Birth:20 May 1964 Place of Birth:Keothali, Kerala Coach:Madhvan Nambiar Achievements:Silver medal, 100 m and 200 m in 1982 Asian Games, New Delhi Four Gol d medals at Asian Games, Seoul in 1986 Ans. P. T. Usha, an ace athlete of India, was born in a poor family in Keothali, Kerala on 20 May 1964. She showed her rare talent in the sub-junior championships.The man who shaped the raw material in a glittering diamond was her coach Madhvan Nambiar. His guidance and coaching transformed her into a great athlete. She showed her athletic prowess at the Asian Games, first in 1982 where she won Silver medal for 100m and 200m race and then in Seoul in 1986 when she won four gold medals for India. She is an athlete of true and unmatched spirit. DIARY ENTRY FORMAT Date, day (6 September 2012, Thursday)Time (10 pm) Content LONG COMPOSITION INFORMAL LETTER Sender’s Address Date (5 September 2012) Dear friend/brother/father etc ContentYours lovingly Name FORMAL LETTER FORMAT Sender’s Address Date (5 September 2012) Receiver’s Address Subject: Sir/Ma’am Content * Introduction * Elaboration * Conclusion Yours sincerely/ trul y Name Q6. You are Akshay, 12, Qutb Road, New Delhi. Write a letter to the editor of a National daily expressing your views on the harmful effects of acid rain on trees and monuments as a result of industrial pollution in about 150 words. Ans. 12, Qutb Road New Delhi 5 September 2012 The Editor The Times of India New Delhi Subject: Damage being caused by industrial pollution Sir/Ma’amThrough the columns of you esteemed newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities towards the damage being caused to the trees and monuments by industrial pollution. Pollution from industries is growing in our country which is the world’s second fastest growing economy. As a result of pollution from industries, acid rain occur causing harm to trees and monuments. It not only damages soil but can also affect the trees directly as the acid particles damage the little pores on the leaves and block the air passage on the leaves. This makes it easier for fungi and i nsects to attack the tree.In the same way, when the sulphur pollutants fall on the buildings made from limestone and sandstone, they react with minerals in the stone to form a powdery substance that can be washed away by rain. The Taj Mahal has been polluted by this sort of air pollution. I would be highly obliged if you publish an article on this issue so that the industrialists become more concerned about environment and take necessary precautions to check pollution and also the government takes strict action against those who violate norms laid down for the industry to check industrial pollution.Yours sincerely Akshay E-MAIL FORMAT From:To:| Subject:| Dear friend/father/brother etcContentWith love/regardsName| ARTICLE FORMAT Catchy Heading Content Q7. World Literacy Day was celebrated on 8 September 2012. Write an article for your school magazine highlighting the advantages of literacy in about 150 words. Ans. LITERACY- A STEP TO PROGRESS Education is not simply filling up of pal e but lightening of fire. Education has power to change the world. Education is synonymous to progress. Therefore literacy of the country is very important for its development.Illiteracy leads to poverty and exploitation and vice-versa. It is the basic cause for all social and economic ills in many countries. Productivity level of the illiterate people is very low. Literacy, on the other hand, helps in fostering development and improvement of living standards in a society. The government and private sector can create more jobs for the literates which would ultimately lead to the increase in the output of the country. Hence, literacy affects the economic condition and is an important indicator for assessing the overall health of the country.Lower literacy rate means that greater proportion of country’s population is not capitalizing on its skills. As a result, there is an overall decline in the gross national income. Thus, it is essential for the government to tackle the issue of illiteracy on top priority for if we need to build our country, we must begin from the field of education. SPEECH Note: It is good to start with a quote or saying before you introduce yourself and your topic. Example: Speech on ‘Literacy- a step to progress’ Education is not simply filling up of pale but lightening of fire.Education has power to change the world. Education is synonymous to progress. A very good morning to one and all present here. Today, I’m here to express my views on the topic ‘Literacy- a step to progress’. Rest of the content- same as the content of article REPORT FORMAT Heading Date, Place, name Content Q8. You are Anurag/Anuradha, a staff reporter of The Times of India. You have been asked to cover the ghastly train accident that took place at Ratlam. Write a report of the terrible accident in about 150 words to be published in your newspaper.Ans. A TRAIN ACCIDENT 2 September 2012, Ratlam, Anuradha Call it a twist of tragic irony or fate, within twenty four hours of the Railway Minister’s assurance of making the Indian Railways safer and secure, the nation has witnessed a ghastly rail accident. Preliminary reports tell that the accident was caused by professional incompetence due to an erring human judgment. The Rajdhani Mail was stationed at platform no. 1. Passengers were waiting for the Inter City Mail coming on platform no. 2.The lineman gave a wrong track to the coming train leading to a disastrous collision. Three bogies got derailed. Many passengers got trapped inside; cries of wounded rent the air and dead bodies could be seen lying on the rails. The relief train came within an hour with doctors and medicines. Over thirty people were taken to the General Hospital, Ratlam. The horrible accident took a toll of twelve lives, including three women and two children. STORY FORMAT Catchy Title Content- beginning and ending should support the main part or the events described in the story. Writing Skills Exam: 986041RR – WRITING SKILLS PART 2 When you have completed your exam and reviewed your answers, click Submit Exam. Answers will not be recorded until you hit Submit Exam. If you need to exit before completing the exam, click Cancel Exam. Questions 1 to 20: Select the best answer to each question. Note that a question and its answers may be split across a page break, so be sure that you have seen the entire question and all the answers before choosing an answer. Â   1. Which one of the following sentences or phrases is most likely to be considered a cliche?A. Are you a man or a moose?B. How dead is a dead doornail?C. When in doubt, pout.D. Look before you leap.2. Of these four words, which one is most likely to have a negative flavor?A. MeanderB. HarangueC. ConfoundD. Distract3. Which of the following statements about vocabulary building is not correct?A. Pronunciation is an important part of adding new words to your vocabulary.B. The best way to improve your vocabulary is to memorize lists of vocabulary words.C. Reading on a daily basis is very important for building your vocabulary.D. Using the dictionary is only one step in the process of vocabulary building.4. Read the word in parentheses; then decide which of these sentences most effectively translates an abstract concept into a mental picture.A. (Sunrise) The rising sun transformed the canyon into bright stone and deep shadow.B. (Studious) Lucy lay on her bed reading a back issue of Nation al Geographic.C. (Rumors) Whispers of doubt filled the empty halls like the reek of boiled cabbage.D. (Freedom) On her twenty-first birthday, Lola declared herself a woman.5. When using direct quotations in your writing, which of the following should be placed outside the set of quotation marks?A. SemicolonB. PeriodC. CommaD. Question mark6. Which of the following words is most likely to carry a connotation?A. WalkB. StandC. StrideD. Run7. When we speak of the flavor of a word, we're talking about the extra understood meanings that it carries in addition to its main meaning. These extra meanings are calledA. definitions.B. shadings.C. connotations.D. denotations.8. Find the sentence with the active voice.A. The bill was passed by the legislature.B. I was told by the chairman that the bill was passed by the legislature.C. The chairman told me that the legislature passed the bill.D. It was voted by the legislature to pass.9. An antonym is a word that'sA. pronounced the same.B. opposit e in meaning.C. the same in meaning.D. defined in a thesaurus.10. Of the following methods, the best way to increase your reading is byA. reading a new book every day.B. setting a goal to read five new pages every night.C. joining a mail-order book club.D. forcing yourself to read subjects you dislike.11. Nelson's hobby is tinkering with small appliances. Tinkering with implies that Nelson is unskilled at his hobby. You want to change the flavor of this sentence to show that Nelson is, in fact, quite skilled at his hobby. Which of the following should you choose to replace tinkering with so that the reader gets the right idea?A. RepairingB. SellingC. Messing withD. Fiddling with12. Which sentence best describes clustering?A. You write down words or ideas in chronological order.B. You're generating words that suggest possible themes for an essay.C. You're generating words that suggest possible sentences or paragraphs.D. You write down words or ideas that occur to you in no particular order.13. Which of the following sentences uses the best close-up words?A. Sara is pursuing a non-science degree.B. Sara is pursuing a degree.C. Sara is studying languages.D. Sara is studying French and German.14. Increasing your vocabulary meansA. you'll be able to spend more time reading.B. you'll spend less time on revision.C. you'll write more lively sentences.D. you'll write longer sentences.15. Which of the following would be an appropriate way to add variety to your sentences?A. Use questions and answers together.B. Use more close-up words.C. Add personal anecdotes.D. Make your sentences read like a spoken conversation.16. When writing, you can most effectively use a dashA. to add a formal touch to a sentence.B. in place of an exclamation point.C. to get the reader's attention.D. in place of a semicolon.17. Which of the following words is the best close-up word?A. FoodB. ZucchiniC. PlantD. Vegetable18. Which of the following sentences is written in the passive voice?A. I wou ld not provoke that man if I were you.B. Having left the building, Elvis never returned.C. The effects of cyanide are well known.D. They considered their options.19. Which one of the following sentences is written in the active voice?A. Few people think seriously of doing something about accidents.B. It is said that definite steps can be taken to prevent many accidents.C. Accidents are considered by most people as unavoidable.D. Accidents are witnessed every day.20. Which statement is most accurate regarding the speaking-writing connection?A. The words used by writers are not normally used in speaking.B. To own a word, speak it.C. Written words seldom reflect the words people use when they speak.D. To own a word, write it over and over again. End of exam

Whale Printing Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Whale Printing Company - Case Study Example The case is about a printing company that has been offered a job to print 10,000 copies of a marketing brochure within five days. The printing company has been offered a price of $700 for the job and this report analyzes the cost of the job and its benefits to the company and then suggests what decision should be taken by the President of the company, Victory Hussey. In addition to this, the report also analyzes non-accounting factors that could influence the decision of Victory Hussey while accepting or rejecting the job. Victor Hussey is the president of a printing company known as Whale Printing Company and he has been offered a job by the president of Salter Associates, Katherine Salter. The job is to print 10,000 copies of a promotional brochure but the deadline of the project is tight and it has to be completed by Friday noon. Price agreed by the Katherine Salter previously is $700 for the printing work and Hussey has to either accept the job or reject it. The following table explains the cost of this project which includes; direct labor, direct material, overheads as well as the selling and administrative expense for Whale Printing Company. As the total cost of the project is $810 whereas the revenue of the project earned would be $700, therefore by accepting the project, Whale Printing Company would have to incur a loss of $110. Therefore the job offered by the president of Salter Associates, Katherine Salter should not be accepted. Variable costs are the costs that would change with changes in the output of the company and as company produces more or increases the output, variable cost of the company would increase. Whereas, fixed costs do not vary with the changes in output of the company and as output increases, fixed cost of the company remains fixed (Khan, 1993). If the job is not completed on time, then it would hurt the image of the company and customers might not trust the wordings of Mr. Hussey in future. It is important to built long term customers for every company instead of looking for short term profits and as the deadline of the project is tight and if it is accepted and deadline is not met, then it would be a long term loss for Whale Printing Company. Plus the project itself is not acceptable in terms of profitability; therefore there is no reason why Mr. Hussey should accept the job.

I would like to become a scientist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

I would like to become a scientist - Essay Example Einstein’s theory of relativity has been a special area of my interest. Man has already traveled into space and reached the Moon, why not travel through time? If travel through space could be achieved using the concepts of science, why not time travel? To truly go where no man has gone before, this would represent a milestone in human innovation! The occupation I would like to pursue is to become a scientist, because I would then be at the forefront of innovation in technology. The challenge of developing fresh and innovative solutions to problems, the thrill of finding solutions that will enhance the quality of man’s existence upon this earth is what motivates me. This is why I would love to be a scientist. The problem of pollution and the need to find alternative energy sources is one of the most pressing challenges today. A major source of this pollution is vehicle exhaust and scientists and researchers are already looking into electric and hydrogen powered cars. But I would like to develop a unique kind of vehicle – not a car, not a bicycle but a sleek and energy efficient vehicle that can be manufactured and maintained without heavy expenses involved, and which would not contribute to the already high levels off atmospheric pollution. This is the dream which I want to convert into reality! It would be exhilarating to be at the forefront of innovative discoveries and trends. It would be exhilarating to be at the forefront of innovative discoveries and trends.  

Homosexual Parents and Capability of Providing Care and Guidance Research Paper

Homosexual Parents and Capability of Providing Care and Guidance Needed by the Children - Research Paper Example Since gay parenting has a significant influence over the sexual orientation of the children, many people are prejudice with regards to lesbian and gay parents. As part of protecting the best interests of the children, gay parents often loss physical custody or being prohibited over the right to adopt children (Appell, 2003). On the contrary, Tobin and Mcnair (2009) argued that empirical evidence proves that there is really no concrete evidence for considering the sexual orientation of parents in assessing their capability to adopt a child. There are some studies revealing that lesbians and gays are not allowed to foster care or adopt children for the reason that gays are considered mentally ill making lesbians less maternal as compared to women who are heterosexual. It is also possible that the type of sexual relationship that gays and lesbians have usually allowed them little time to be involved in the actual parent-child interaction. On the contrary, the study of Vanfraussen, Ponja ert-Kristofferson, & Brewaeys (2003) revealed that the parent-child interaction among lesbian couples is fairly the same as compared with the heterosexual parents. In reality, there is no single empirical study that can prove that lesbians and gays are not capable of becoming a good parent. In line with this, there are several studies showing no significant difference between the way lesbians and heterosexual women could rear a child nor there was any difference in the mental health condition of the two groups of individuals.

Corporate Balanced Scorecard Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Corporate Balanced Scorecard - Research Paper Example The balanced scorecard has long been integrated with management to make sure that the appropriate level of control is taken into consideration while obtaining corporate goals has become a primary factor to engage in maximizing operation. In various departments of an organization, the corporate balanced scorecard is a remarkable tool to help improve or ensure substantial operation that would lead to the company’s competitive advantage. For instance, in marketing department, it is important to make sure that significant information should be obtained from customers to guarantee high level of customer satisfaction and to make sure repeat purchase or positive word of mouth on certain product or service offerings. For this reason, it is important for companies to collect information from the customers in order to identify the level of customer satisfaction. In the balanced scorecard, the actual level of customer satisfaction should be set as the evaluative measure to know if there has been a good effort created that must have contributed to the actual level of performance concerning customer satisfaction. ... vel of satisfaction it serves primarily to the marketing department, because it is appropriate and substantial response with considerable haste could contribute to the actual level of customer satisfaction to be generated by the organization. Balanced scorecard is therefore a very important tool that would help enhance corporate performance. There are many things organizations should learn about it as a primary tool to help them realize adding a higher value for their customers, financial standing, learning and growth and internal business process. The purpose of this paper is therefore to explore the literature concerning corporate balanced scorecard, and the summary of information of organization using it. In finding these, there would be significant basis on certain conclusion why corporate balanced scorecard is used by specific organization. So it is important that the primary information about an organization should be well evaluated in order to find out at which point corporate balanced scorecard has been making sense in its actual purpose and usage. There are many literatures linked with the balanced scorecard and it is the intention of the proponent to integrate them into the actual discussion of this report. Furthermore, the integration of information concerning the organization using the corporate balanced scorecard is also taken into account in understanding possible implications of performance measurement and control. Literature review on corporate balanced scorecard The balanced scorecard was introduced by David Norton and Robert Kaplan in 1992 as they were interested to study performance measurement that would include tangible assets for value creation (Kaplan, 2008). They were primarily inspired to know about measurement for driving performance

If accepted to nursing school, what unique perspectives or talents do Essay

If accepted to nursing school, what unique perspectives or talents do you bring to the profession of nursing - Essay Example Each person deals with the death of a loved one in a different way. I feel that from this experience I can better relate to people who have experienced a similar loss, and attempt to ease the anxiety of those anticipating loss. I try to look at this life altering experience in a positive light and use my knowledge in my future quest to become a nurse. I believe that it is my relationship with God that helps me to appreciate relationships with others are key to all that happens to us in life. Throughout all of my life events, I have come to understand that service is truly the giving of self for the welfare of others and that not everyone can do just that. The principles I have gained through being an Aerospace Medical Technician in the United States Air Force have inspired me to do my best for the sake of other individuals both on and off duty. Volunteering with other people has given me an ambition that has ignited me to try my hardest at everything I do. Participating in such a dynamic organization has aided me to develop composure, character, and talent. My faith proved a strong component of my desire to serve during voluntary tours in Turkey supporting Operation Iraqi and Enduring Freedom, Guam supporting a Security Theatre Package, and a Humanitarian Call to Service in aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. To be a great nurse, you have to care about others to the extent of going beyond anything a textbook could ever teach you. With every patient, a nurse is given the opportunity, responsibility and privilege of making a difference in a life; to protect and preserve it. One major skill that I am very proud of is my ability to prioritize and stay calm in a stressful situation. The talent I realized is very important while I was serving in the community of Bay St. Louis, Mississippi at a field hospital after Katrina hit. Our Emergency Medical Expeditionary

SPIRITUAL ARCHITECTURE IN RONCHAMP AND LA TOURRETTE Essay

SPIRITUAL ARCHITECTURE IN RONCHAMP AND LA TOURRETTE - Essay Example The other is the Sainte Marie de La Tourette, a Convent for teachers and students at Lyon, France hereafter called La Tourette. While the structures of Le Corbusiner can be analysed from different perspectives, this essay will discuss the techniques in form and material that were used for the two structures to achieve spiritual architecture. 1. Analysis of Notre Dame du Haut, Ronchamp Constructed in 1955, the Ronchamp structure follows the 'Expressionist Modern' modern style. The structure is built using concrete, glass and wood. The story behind the structure is that the original 4th church was destroyed in WW II. It is important to know that the church was a reformist church. This means that the clergy and the priests who managed and preached at the church wanted a modern structure. The wanted the spirit of the church to clear the decadent past when the structure was full of ornamental embellishments with stained glass, spires and other gothic features. Le Corbusier had to build a church that reflects modern art and modern architecture with spatial purity. However, Corbusier, in keeping with his own style wanted to focus on increasing available space1. The spirituality of the architecture can be seen in the the style he adopted for the interiors He used the illusion of increased space by using curves and interplaying light with shadows so that the depth of the room seemed to be more than it really was. The materials he has used extensively are concrete, stone, glass and wood to a small extent. The windows are arranged in sporadic pattern and in the form of puncturing apertures on the wall. This helps to amplify the light emerging from the chapel since the windows are tapered in the well cavity. Each wall is illuminated by the window frames that differ in light. The space behind the altar is thus given a speckled pattern like a star filled night with sparse openings. These openings are placed along with larger apertures above the cross. A flood of light is emi tted that falls on the cross creating a transformative experience for the visitor. This gives the spiritual architecture where the light of god is brought into the chapel2. 1.1. Analysis of form of Ronchamp The church has a simple design and it has two entrances. The main pulpit has a main altar and three chapels placed under the towers. Concrete is used in abundance in the structure and the use of steel reinforcement allowed Corbusier to create an upturned and curving roof that is supported by slender columns placed in the walls. The appearance of the roof is like a sail that is blowing on the windy currents of a stormy sea. This point is emphasised by the junction where the left and right walls converge and the shape seems like the curved hull of a ship. Le Corbusier has strived to bring the spiritual perspective of the reformist church into the structure. The new church is seen as the ship of the God that sails the stormy seas and carries its flock to salvation and safety. In the inside areas, space is created between the roofs and the walls. This has a number of clerestory windows with asymmetric light that falls from the openings in the wall. This helps to bring into sharp notice about the sacred role of the church and helps to create the relation between the building and the surroundings. By using concrete effectively to create recessed windows, a soft and indirect lighting emerges. This reflects off from the white walls of the church. The small windows ensure that minimum lighting falls on the congregation areas even in day light. During night, small lights behind the windows help to create a diffused lighting inside the prayer and sermon area. Corbusier did not want

Forest Essay Example for Free

Forest Essay 1. The role of working memory in top-down perceptual processing is that the working memory is responsible for reasoning and decision making. It holds a set of temporary memory stores that actively manipulate and rehearse information. Therefore working memorys role in top-down perceptual processing Is that the perception of higher-level knowledge provided for top-down processing Is knowledge from the working memory. The knowledge needed for top-down perceptual processing to happen is generated from the working memory thus making working memory play a big role in top-down perceptual processing. 2. If I was developing a public health campaign to warn people about the dangers of overeating and obesity, I would put more emphasis on healthy foods rather than a healthy body size. Society values a slim body type and gives people the notion that obesity is very unattractive, and because of this message people often start dieting and go overboard with It. They become lost In a world of their own and think that they can never be too skinny, not realizing themselves how sickly thin they have become. Also some psychologists believe that eating disorders can be brought about by overly demanding parents or other family Issues. Focusing on a healthy diet rather than a healthy body size would help balance the need to prevent obesity with the need to avoid increasing the risk of eating disorders. 3. After watching the movie Forest Gump and observing the main character Forest, he illustrates a lot of different aspects of intelligence. I think that Forest shows his understanding about the world, he can think rationally and he always uses resources effectively when faced with challenges in his life, therefore demonstrating his intelligence. Forest demonstrates his use of intelligence throughout the movie in any different ways. One major challenge Forest is faced with in his childhood years is the leg braces he needs because of his crooked spine. Many of the young children he goes to school with look at him as being different and make fun of him because of his leg braces. In the beginning of the movie, Forest gets on the bus for school and the kids on the bus tell him all the seats are taken as he walks down the aisle. One little girl tells Forest that he can sit beside her, and from this point on their friendship blooms; Jenny and Forest become best friends. Although Forest many be little slow, he shows his intelligence in many ways. In the beginning of the movie he is there for Jenny, he understands that her dad doesn t treat her right and is very concerned about her. When she doesn t get on the bus for school one morning, Forest goes to find her; he understands and is able to think rationally in this situation. When Forests mother passes away after a battle with cancer, he understands that everyone lives then has to die at some point. Forest also shows practical Intelligence In this movie in many ways. Practical Intelligence Is the most seful measurement of Intelligence according to Stenberg; It Is Intelligence related to overall successes In llvlng. A tnougn Forest races cnallenges, ne Is still aDle to De very successful in many ways shown in this movie. Forest is successful in college although he thinks it is confusing at times. He gets to be on the school football team which he excels in because he can run fast. Forest graduates from college and is able to Join the army and does very well, he saves the lives of injured men in the war they fight. Forest is extremely good at ping pong and gets to be on the all American eam, he buys a fishing boat and becomes a successful shrimp fisherman with Lieutenant Dan, and Lieutenant Dan invests in shares in Apple and donates money to the church. Eventually, Forest and Jenny get married, Jenny dies and Forest looks after his son. All these are examples of practical intelligence showing how successful Forest Gump is throughout his life even though he mentally compromised. Aspects of Gardners forms of intelligence that Forest displays are bodily kinesthetic skills; Forest is able to perform skills using his whole body such as dancing, being on the ollege football team, excelling at ping pong and long distance running. Forest learned better by performing activities using his body rather than reading information about how to do things because he had a higher form of bodily kinesthetic skills. Forest also demonstrates interpersonal intelligence as he is able to interact with others easily throughout the movie. A good example of Forest Gumps interpersonal intelligence would be at the end of the movie when he gets Jennys house torn down because of the emotions she associates with the house where she as abused at a young age by her father. He also demonstrated aspects of intrapersonal intelligence by believing in himself and expressing his emotions and love for Jenny and his son. He was also extremely aware of his body and mind allowing him to become a successful athlete in the movie with football, running, and ping pong. Forest showed naturalist intelligence by his awareness of nature and his environment. An example of this is when he explained to Jenny about Vietnam and how beautiful it was. He was able to explain things to Jenny by using his vivid memory about the nature around him.

Strengthening Community Action Through Community Development Social Work Essay

Strengthening Community Action Through Community Development Social Work Essay Although the term empowerment is frequently used, the availability of high-quality research which demonstrates its success for improving the wellbeing of communities is fairly minimal (Woodall et al. 2010). There is, however, some evidence that shows that empowerment programs can lead to improve outcomes for participants. For example, in examining the effectiveness of interventions using community development approach, the Migrant Resource Centre of South Australia, which provides programs that targets particular community groups, including women, younger people, has recorded some promising ability to impact the lives of young refugees (MRCSA Annual Report, 2009). In fact, this essay argues that while community development interventions are difficult to measure, the migrant Resource Centre of South Australia has registered significant gains in the area of youth empowerment. This essay will highlight the various intervention programs implemented by the Migrant Resource Centre of South Australia (MRCSA). However, case study will focus on its youth empowerment component and to evaluate the overall effectiveness of community development approach of the organisation. To achieve this task, the essay is partitioned as follows. The first part will examine the definitions of empowerment. The next section will discuss about community development as a strategy and a model of practice by the Migrant Resource Centre of South Australia (MRCSA). The third section discusses the impact and challenges of this intervention. The final part of the essay will evaluate the impact of MRCSAs youth empowerment program among a number of interventions. Background and definition of the Concept of Empowerment In the 1990s the term empowerment began to replace community participation (Rifkin, 2003). Empowerment according to Rifkin has conceptually evolved from the idea of lay participation in technical activities to a broader concern of improving life situations of the poor. This evolution can be traced historically in the areas of policy and in community activities. In the policy area, Rifkin proposes that three theoretical constructs can be identified to trace the changing view of participatory approaches from consensus building to empowerment. These Rafkin stated correspond to the political and political environment of the time. The historical development of the concept of empowerment helps explain why there is no universally accepted definition of empowerment (Rifkin, 2003). However a number of scholars defined it as a process (McArdle, 1989; Laverack, 2005; Werner, 1988; Kilby, 2002). McArdle (1989) defines empowerment as a process whereby decisions are made by the people who will wear the consequences of those decisions. Similarly Werner (1988) and Laverack (2005) describe the concept of empowerment as a process by which people are able to gain or seize power to control over decisions and resources that determine their lives. Moreover, Kilby (2002) describe a process by which disadvantaged people work together to increase control over events that determine their lives. Expansion of individuals choices and actions, primarily in relation to others à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ fundamentally a shift of power to those who are disempowered. From a public health perspective, empowerment involves acting with communities to achieve their goals (Talbot Verrinder, 2005). This implies working with disadvantaged individuals or groups to challenge structural disadvantaged (on the basis of class, gender, ethnicity or ability) and influence their health in a positive way. The application of the concept into the field of health promotion as outline by Laverack and Labonte (2000) is categorized in two folds; the bottom-up programming and the top-down programming. The former more associated with the concept of community empowerment begins on issues of concern to particular groups or individuals and regards some improvement in their overall power or capacity as the important health outcome. The later more associated with disease prevention efforts begin by seeking to involve particular groups or individuals in issues and activities largely defined by health agencies and regards improvement in particular behaviours as the important h ealth outcome. Laverack and Labonte (2000) thus viewed community empowerment more instrumentally as a means to the end of health behaviour change. They argue that community empowerment which is defined as a shift towards greater equality in the social relations of power is an unavoidable feature of any health promotion efforts. On a much broader scale empowerment promotes participation of people, organisations and communities towards the goals of increased individual and community control, political efficacy, improved quality of community life, and social justice (Wallerstein, 1992). The next section is a case example of how this approach is applied by an agency in dealing with question of social inclusion. Community Development: A case of Migrant Resource Centre of South Australia (MRCSA) By reviewing the previous definitions of empowerment and examining MRCSAs framework, It is clear that the worker in (MRCSA) understand and adopt empowerment concept similar to which all of McArdle (1989); Laverack (2005); Werner (1988); Kilby (2002) and WHO (1986) do understand and adopt where empowerment is a matter of giving people the right and the opportunity to exercise power and control regarding making decisions that affect their health promoting. In addition, in order to empower migrant people and communities, the (MRCSA) provide and still providing number of interventions based on community development model of practice. According to Tesoriero (2010), community development is the use of a set of ongoing structures and processes which enable the community to meet its own needs. Similar to Tesoriero (2010), Community Development is understood and implemented by the (MRCSA) as a multifaceted program of activities that concentrated on supporting the need of new arrivals and their new and emerging communities to understand their rights and obligations, to link into training and employment pathways and to develop networks of support within their local and in the broader community (www.mrcsa.com.au). In fact, The MRCSA has adopted Laverack and Labontes (2000) bottom-up approach in implementing their programs by consult sing and working closely with leaders and key representatives of new and emerging communities, including women and young people, to support them in gaining the knowledge and skills that they need to further their independence as well as their capacity to support and provide assistance to their members. Moreover, beside community development programs, MRCSA is providing number of womens advocacy programs, youth leadership and participation and employment advocacy programs, As well. The programs also include Refugee Mens Talk, an initiative supporting men to adapt to their new social environment. To ensure and facilitate the participation of new and emerging communities in their local areas and in regional areas where they settle, or resettle, the program includes local government and regional initiatives. MRCSA believes that new and emerging communities require a place in which to implement their own activities. The organisation provides these through its own community centres and through linkages with other community facilities. Also, Given that community development as an approach require working across divergent spheres, the Migrant Resource Centre of South Australia (MRCSA) maintain link with a number of stakeholders. These include the Commonwealth Government, the state of South Australia and the NGO community.(www.mrcsa.com.au). At the level of the Commonwealth Government, the links include; Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Centrelink, Employee Advocate, Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs and Australia Council for the Arts. At the level of the State Government the links are; Multicultural SA, Department of Health, Department of Families and Communities, Department of Education and Childrens Services, Skills SA, English Language Services TAFE SA, Arts SA, Office for Women, Womens Information Service, Womens Health State Wide, Local Government Association of SA and Be Active. The links within the Non-Government Sector includes; Settlement Council of Austra lia (SCoA), Refugee Council of Australia, Federation of Ethnic Communities Councils of Australia (FECCA) LM Training Specialists, SA Council of Social Service (SACOSS), Service to Youth Council (SYC), Working Womens Centre, Migrant Womens Support and Accommodation Service, Youth Affairs Council of SA (YACSA), Anglicare SA, African Communities Council (ACCSA), Middle Eastern Communities Council (MECCSA), Volunteering SA and Northern Territory. Analysing this web of networks from Labontes, (1992) community development continuum, the MRCSAs programs deal with individuals which transcend to small groups, community organisations, coalition advocacy and political action. With this wide array of networks, the organization has been facilitated to maintains a huge amount of social capital and through careful co-ordination, it stands a lot to gain in achieving its primary objectives (Butter et al. 1966) The next section will focus on one of its many programs in the area of youth enhancement. Youth Empowerment Program The Migrant Resource Centre of South Australia (MRCSA) works closely with the leadership and key representatives of its client communities, including women and young people to support them in acquiring the knowledge and skills that they need to further their independence and self-determination, as well as their capacity to assist their members with their settlement and participation (www.mrcsa.com.au)). These goals are achieved through a number of programs including ethnic leaders forum, adult migrant education, community management and leadership forum by way of funding and leadership training. This section focuses on its youth empowerment program with emphasis on the Newly Arrived Youth Settlement Services (NAYS). The primary objective of this program as outlined in the MRCSA Annual Report (2008-2009) is to empower young people to develop their own programs and to become advocates for themselves, their families and communities. In partnership with TAFE SA, the MRCSA conducted a number of training programs for young people who were not engaged in school or work. Specific training includes Certificate II in Information Technology, Productively Places Program Certificate II, Volunteering, work experience capacity building, apprentiships and traineeships (MRCSA Annual Report (2008-2009). Through its new arrival humanitarian settlement program, the MRCSA has been an advocate and a voice for the inclusion and participation of young people of refugee background (www.mrcsa.com.au). According to the 2010 MRCSA Youth Empowerment Program Annual Report, the program has since 1998 addressed the needs of young people from new and emerging communities in South Australia through a multi-faceted program. The program provides young people with a range of services that aim to further their resilience, leadership skills and pathways to employment and independence. The MRCSA Youth Empowerment Program for 2008-2009 provided assistance to five hundred and twenty-nine (529) young people of refugee background, most of them recent arrivals to South Australia, to achieve some of their goals (Annual Report 2009-2010). These achievements were based on strong foundations upon which MRCSA operate. The next section will discuss the guiding principles which form the basis of MRCSAs operations. MRCSA Guiding Principles The Migrant Resource Centre of South Australias philosophy and approach in working with young people from refugee backgrounds outline a number of guiding principles (Annual Report, 2008-2009). The principles discussed below indicate that MRCSA operates Laverack and Labontes (2000) bottom-up approach of community development. The guiding principles include the following: Firstly, any youth programs, initiatives or activities are shaped and driven by the young people themselves through consultation with their peers. Secondly, young people are encouraged and supported to speak for themselves to drive their own development; the role of the MRCSA is that of mentor and advisor only. Thirdly, the importance of young peoples connection to family and community is recognized, valued and supported. Fourthly, the ethnic, religious and cultural identity and heritage of young people is affirmed and respected. Fifthly, respect for gender differences and how these impact on the planning and delivery of the youth program. Also, young people are active decision makers. Finally, an action research approach informs continuous service improvement and best practice. These guiding principles are based on the premise that empowerment strategies focus on what people can do to empower themselves and so deflect attention from social issues (Keleher et al. 2007; Keleher, and Murphy, 2004) . However, Labonte (1990) warns that unless national and international trends are taken into account, the decentralization of decision-making may shift from victim blaming of individuals to victimizing powerless communities. In view of such warnings, Wilson et al (1999) suggest that effective primary health care as in the case of public health functions depends on efforts to link local issues to broader social issues. Intersectoral action can be used to promote and achieve shared goals in a number of other areas, for example policy, research, planning, practice and funding. It may be implemented through a myriad of activities including advocacy, legislation, community projects, and policy and programme action. It may take different forms such as cooperative initiativ es, alliances, coalitions or partnerships (Health Canada http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca) What are the Barriers? In achieving their goal of empowering communities, the Migrant Resource Centre of South Australia (MRCSA) faces a number of challenging issues. When young refugees arrive in Australia they face a number of challenges. They need to begin a new life, establish new friends and networks and find pathways that link them into mainstream community (MRCSA Annual Report, 2008-2009). Some young people may also be at risk and need to deal with issues around language, religious identity, grief and loss, the justice system, consumer culture and intergenerational tension (MRCSA Annual Report, 2008-2009). Young people also need ways of dealing with race, racism and their identity (MRCSA Annual Report, 2008-2009). There are fewer opportunities for young women from new and emerging communities to participate in sport due to the barriers they experience from within sporting environments and their own communities (MRCSA Annual Report, 2009). These barriers can be based on cultural, religious, and gender expectations of young women and their roles in their community. The report (MRCSA, 2009) also highlighted other factors affecting young women participation in sports. These include; lack of parental support, perceived fear of racism, lack of knowledge about the structure of sport in Adelaide and high cost of membership and registration fees. On the other hand, community development approach can pose barriers to Public Health Practitioners in a number of ways. Epidemiological, sociological, and psychological evidence of the relationship between influence, control, and health, provide a rationale for a community empowerment approach to health education. For example, studies show an association between powerlessness (or similarly, learned helplessness, alienation, exploitation) and mental and physical health status. Examining the application of community empowerment approach to health education, Israel (1994) identified a number of limitations and barriers to this approach. Firstly, situations where community members past experiences and normative beliefs result in feelings that they do not have influence within the system (powerlessness, quiescence) and hence, they may feel that getting involved in an empowerment intervention would not be worthwhile. Secondly, differences in, for example, social class, race, ethnicity, tha t often exist between community members and health educators that may impede trust, communication, and collaborative work. Thirdly, role-related tensions and differences that may arise between community members and health educators around the issues of values and interests, resources and skills, control, political realities, and rewards. Fourthly, difficulty in assessing/measuring community empowerment and being able to show that change has occurred. Fifthly, the health education profession does not widely understand and value this Approach. Next, risks involved with and potential resistance encountered when challenging the status quo, for the individual, organizations, and community as well as the health educator. Seventhly, the short time-frame expectations of some health educators, their employers, and community members are inconsistent with the sustained effort that this approach requires in terms of long-time commitment of financial and personal resources. Finally, the collecti on and analysis of extensive amounts of both qualitative and quantitative data to be used for action as well as evaluation purposes may be perceived as slowing down the process. Inspire of these barriers, community development is still relevant to Public Health Practitioners. Epidemiological, sociological, and psychological evidence of the relationship between influence, control, and health, provide a rationale for a community development approach to health education (Israel, 1994). For example, studies show an association between powerlessness (or similarly, learned helplessness, alienation, exploitation) and mental and physical health status (Israel, 1994). The challenges posed by community development approach also extend to the wider arena of state level. The demand on government and competition for resources by professionals is a major obstacle. Similarly, Inter-professional distrust and reluctance to share information also remains a major obstacle. The way in which governments fund departments can be an obstacle to collaboration (Baum, 1993). It is therefore argued that Stability of an organisation and its staff is important for interagency agreements and establishing trust (Walker et al. 2000). Walker (2002) further argued that Competition for resources can affect trust and intergroup conflict can occur when there is a lack of adversaries. However, insecurity brought on by political and economic uncertainty can facilitate political coalitions (Weisner, 1983). Overcoming the barriers Overcoming the barriers will require a concerted effort from communities, concerned organisations and government. The Proceedings of 2008 the Conference on Social Inclusion for New and Emerging Communities, outline some of the areas that need urgent interventions are discussed below. Racism and discrimination Identified as a major area of concern, combating discrimination requires coordinated and targeted social inclusion and human right measures. The focus should not be limited to what occurs in a social context (e.g. schoolyard, public places etc.) but also the systemic racism that supports discrimination, the perpetuation of racial stereotypes, and institutional inclusion e.g. within the justice system, the employment sector and in the blocks to the recognition of overseas qualifications and experience as well as the registration and utilization of these. Women and safety Women should have the right to feel safe in their homes as well as the broader community, to access culturally appropriate services for themselves and their families (e.g. health, childcare, education etc ), to learn English without it compromising their chances at finding a job and to undertake training that prepares them for work and improve their employment potential. Empowering young people The voices of the diversity of young people rather than a token representative from new and emerging communities must be listened to and give strong credence in the advance of a national or state framework for social inclusion. Supporting the empowerment and participation of young people as future citizens and leaders of Australia will serve the country culturally, socially and economically. Base on the above discussion in the case of challenges to MRCSA operations, solutions to barriers could be summarized therein; Barriers can be overcome through integrated structures, developing responsibility within structures Support of local leaders, developing leadership skills for negotiation and collaboration. Enhancing Regional networks/structures, established processes and relationships are important for collaboration. Conclusion From the case studies, it was found that the Migrant Resource Centre of South Australia (MRCSA) utilize community mobilization approaches to improve equity of services, reduce institutional barriers within the society, enhance participation in new and emerging communities, strengthen civil society associations and create healthy social policies. The programs demonstrated that opportunities for community voices to be heard had been increased and this had raised community capacity to maximise their needs and create change. This study also found that empowerment can have a positive impact on participants self-efficacy, self-esteem, sense of community and sense of control and, in some cases, empowerment can increase individuals knowledge and awareness and lead to behaviour change. These findings were particularly apparent on youth empowerment approaches and those programmes concerning young women.

Database Management System (DBMS) Software Research

Database Management System (DBMS) Software Research 5-2 FINAL PROJECT MILESTONE THREE: DBMS RESEARCH AND RECOMMENDATION DBMS A.Research and Analysis: A database management system (DBMS) software is employed to manage the organization, storage, access, security and integrity of structured data. It could come as a set of flat files stored on computer tape/disk, or it could consist of database tables that are managed by the system. The different types of DBMS products include: relational, network and hierarchical. Currently, the most widely and commonly used type is the Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS). (http://dbms.ca/concepts/types.html). In addition to security, one of the biggest advantages of using a DBMS is that it allows end users and application programmers the access and use of the same data while managing data integrity. Data is better protected and maintained since it can be shared using a DBMS, rather than having to create new iterations of the same data to be stored in new files and for every new application. The centrally stored data can be accessed by multiple users in a controlled manner. However, a DBMS that is required to perform additional work to provide these advantages brings with it the overhead. In other words, a DBMS will use more memory and CPU than a simple file storage system, as well as require different types and levels of system resources. (Rouse). Several DBMS applications are currently available: Oracle, IBM, MySQL, Microsoft SQL, Amazon AWS, FileMaker, Teradata, MaraDB, SAP, Adminer, MongoDB, Ingres, Firebird, PostgreSQL, HP Vertica, Alpha, WizeHive, Apache, TeamDesk and Couchbase to name a few. (http://www.capterra.com/database-management-software/#infographic). For over three decades, the primary operational DBMS has been relational. It continues to be dominated by industry giants such as Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server and IBM DB2. Similarities: Each one having been used for production systems all along proves that the technologies involved in these three market-leading products are sound. For Unix and Linux installations, the primary choices are Oracle and IBM DB2. Oracle is the market leader on these platforms. Although other DBMSes in a Linux partition can be run on the mainframe, IBM is ideal for a large organization with a mainframe. For Windows platform, all three are viable options. Naturally, Microsoft is the clear leader on its own OS. All three of the leading DBMS products are highly rated in terms of performance, application development capabilities, support, ease of use and functionality. (Mullins.) Differences: Oracle: Given its installed base and wide platform support, skilled Oracle Database technicians and developers are readily available.   Likewise, an abundance of tools for Oracle database administration, application development and data movement/management are accessible. In short, the ensured skills and tooling are not an issue with Oracle. (Mullins). Function-wise, Oracle keeps pace with many new and advanced features, e.g., JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) support, temporal capabilities and multi-tenancy. The new Oracle Database In-Memory is an option that uses in-memory columnar technology to enable enterprises to accelerate the performance of their business analytics easily and transparently. (Mullins). Overall, customers give Oracle high marks for performance and availability. However, cost-wise, Oracle has a reputation as being expensive to license and support. Additionally, public opinion indicates that in North America and Europe, Oracle ranked lowest in terms of ease of doing business. (Mullins). IBM DB2: This DBMS is Oracles biggest competitor on Unix and Linux OS. DB2 is additionally available on Windows, z/OS mainframe and iSeries midrange servers. Although skilled DB2 developers and DBAs are likely to be more difficult to hire, compared to Oracle, experienced DB2 professionals are not scarce, albeit there is the need to differentiate by platform (e.g., mainframe DB2 for z/OS skills are different and somewhat more difficult to find than for DB2 for LUW; DB2 SQL is almost identical between the z/OS and LUW platforms.) Likewise, there are several developments, data movement and DBA tools available for this DBMS both from IBM and other independent software vendors (ISVs). (Mullins). Functionally speaking, DB2 is regularly revised and updated with market-leading features, (e.g., JSON support, temporal capabilities, shadow tables and advanced compression). With the DB2 SQL compatibility feature, IBM is able to run Oracle applications in DB2 for LUW, requiring no changes to business logic in the client code, triggers or stored procedures. Additionally, the DB2 includes compression capabilities and column store capabilities. (Mullins). Microsoft SQL Server: Its current version is SQL Server 2016. It runs on Linux and MAC and supports numerous Windows versions. Naturally, there are plenty of skilled SQL Server developers and DBAs, just as there are several available tools supporting development, data movement and database administration both from Microsoft and ISVs. SQL Server licenses come with Analysis Services, Integration Services and Reporting Services that provide functionality. These are typically required add-on tools for the other DBMSes (e.g., Oracle and IBM DB2). These added features enable SQL Server customers to minimize their budget for tooling. (Mullins). Technological- and functional-wise, Microsoft keeps current with the market, (features such as stretch database capabilities for integrating on-premises with cloud, strong encryption capabilities, integration of Hadoop with relational data using the Polybase feature and improved in-database analytics capabilities). Microsoft features Azure, its cloud-integration vision for SQL Server. This includes simplified backup to Azure and the ability to set up an Azure virtual machine as an always-on secondary. (Mullins). However, since Microsoft lacks a database appliance (e.g., Oracles Exadata and IBMs PureData System), Microsoft is not a realistic option if one is looking for as a pure plug-and-play database appliance. However, there are third-party appliances available that embed SQL Server. Additionally, Microsoft offers the Microsoft Analytics Platform System, which is an analytics appliance that integrates SQL Server with data from Hadoop (an open-source software framework used to store data and run applications on clusters of commodity hardware). (Mullins). B. Recommendation: Microsoft Access allows users a way to create desktop databases. It is an easy-to-use tool for quickly creating browser-based database applications. Data is automatically stored in a SQL database, so its more secure than ever, and the applications can easily be shared with colleagues. (https://products.office.com/en-us/access). Access, for its simplicity and ease of use, can be appropriate for the organization. The data can be exported into SQL. Although SQL has a steeper learning curb (compared to Access) and based on the advantages listed above, it is recommended that the organization employ Microsoft SQL Server from the start. This will eliminate the need to learn an entirely new/different software application. Additionally, Access is available for purchase or by subscription only, whereas SQL is free to download and use. SQL has plenty of technical support available. This is essential for the owner and his staff, who lack any technical training or background. Skilled developers are in abundance. They can further enhance or develop the database as needed. In addition to SQLs product dependency and reputation, Microsoft has a practice of further developing its products to meet the demands of the market, to satisfy its customers and to stay in competition. All the above benefits ensure that as the organization grows, the database system can grow along side, without the need to switch. C.Hardware, Software Recommendation: Vince Roberts, the owner of Vinces Vinyl, is not technologically savvy. He requires the most fundamental training. Both recommended software applications provide plentiful online support in the forms of manuals, tutorials and videos. He has been using and is accustomed to a Windows 8 computer. He has no plans to switch to another platform any time soon. With either or both recommended software, he is not required to upgrade his system. Additionally, he is beginning to become familiar with and comfortable using his Android tablet and smart phone. Eventually, he would like to be able to access his database using all available devices and from any location. Both or either cloud-based Access and Microsoft SQL Server data can be accessed through the means available to him.

Blindness in King Lear Essay -- Literary Analysis, Shakespeare

Blindness is defined as, according to dictionaries, â€Å"unable to see and lacking the sense of sight†, but in King Lear, written by William Shakespeare, it has a relatively new definition. Blindness, as Shakespeare portrays, not only a physical inability to see, but also a mental flaw that some characters present in this tragic play. King Lear and the Earl of Gloucester are the two characters who make up the parallel â€Å"double plot† of the tragedy caused of their lack of sight, mental blindness. They both undergo a very similar plot and suffer from their false decisions, the ones they feel very remorseful of later on. In other words, such blindness is the root of false decisions that leads to disasters. The interaction of physical blindness and mental blindness has been dramatically portrayed in the play. To clarify, since their blurred sight has not been cleared until the end, the realization of the statement in the middle of the play, â€Å"I am a man more sinnà ¢â‚¬â„¢d against than sinning† (3.4.60-61), is not reasonably forceful. Lear’s lack of sight has been the most important theme that he is blindest one among all the characters. Due to his social situation, the king of British, he supposes to be the one who have extraordinary wisdom and skills to make sensible choices and to rationally manage his power. However, his mental blindness avoids him to do so. First of all, as a king, he has to be responsible for his kingdom that he should stay as a king until he dies, not ignoring to see the order of chain of being and renouncing his monarchial power and handing it over to his daughters. In Act 1, he plans to offer one of three parts of his kingdom to each of his daughters. According to the idea of â€Å"The Great Chain of Being†, â€Å"the structure of... ...t is to see things with eyes. However, this solution comes up too late to avoid the tragedy happening, the once supreme king has fallen to a heartbreaking status and eyeless but recovering Gloucester is considering to be as mad as the king so that he wouldn’t have to deal with this depressing situation he has as he says: â€Å"The king is mad. How stiff is my vile sense, that I stand up, and have ingenious feeling of my huge sorrows! Better I were distract.† (4.6. 305-307) Such downfall is devastating for both Lear and Gloucester, and mental blindness is the cause of it. As a result, they cannot blame that â€Å"I am a man more sinn’d against than sinning†, because the origin comes from themselves. It’s an impressive lesson for everyone living in this physical world that our eyes can only see the surface of objects and our hearts can see through the essential of objects.

Reader Response to James Joyces The Dead Essay -- Joyce Dead Essays

Reader Response to Joyce's The Dead       James Joyce's story "The Dead" has a tremendous impact on the readers, especially those who are familiar with the political situation in Ireland at the time about which the Joyce wrote the final story in Dubliners.   In exploring the meaning of James Joyce's long short-story, "The Dead", there are many critical approaches to take.   Each approach gives readers a lens, a set of guidelines through which to examine and express ideas of the meaning of "The Dead."   Joyce himself said that the idea of paralysis was the intended theme of all the stories in The Dubliners of which "The Dead" is the final story.    Of all critical approaches, reader response works best for me.   This approach examines the images, symbols, point-of-view, characterization and setting of "The Dead" in such a way as to reveal the theme of paralysis that Joyce intended.   The two characters that appeal to me are, Gabriel and his wife Gretta who are invited every year to a family gathering by Gabriels two aunts on New Years eve.   Gabriel, who is a university professor, does not want to be identified with Ireland. He wants to be identifies as a citizen of the world. His arrogance is revealed in his interaction with others.   A primary example would be the way he treats his wife Gretta as an object.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As Peter J. Rabinowitz informs one that in reader response criticism the "...activity of reading always alters the text at hand.   Unless we are limiting ourselves to reading in the sense of uninflected recitation, reading is never a passive activity to which the reader contributes nothing.   In the reader res... ... Gabriel is paralyzed emotionally, as he does not know what is going to happen next.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion the narrators attitude towards the events is perhaps how he wants the reader to interpret the events.   The narrator perhaps wants to tell the reader despite all the tension at that time, the people in Dublin still want to forget the problem and enjoy at least on New Years Day where it can be with their loved ones to relax.    Work Cited    The Dead.   Dir.   John Houston.   Perf.   Anjelica Houston, Donal McCann. Bestron Pictures, 1987    Joyce, James.   The Dead.   Ed.   Daniel R. Scwarz.   Cornell University, 1994    Rabinowitz, Peter J.   "A Symbol of Something": Interpretive Vertigo in "The Dead."   Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1987    Scwarz, Daniel R., ed.   The Dead.   Cornell University, 1994